Advertisement sponsored by Hi-Altitude Brands, the distributor of Stonehenge Health products.
The Top-Rated Brain & Memory Supplements of 2026
This website is owned and operated by Hi-Altitude Brands. Hi-Altitude Brands may receive compensation from companies featured when you purchase through provided links.
Advertisement sponsored by Hi-Altitude Brands, the distributor of Stonehenge Health products.
Buying Guides
The Top-Rated Brain & Memory Supplements of 2026
Peter Gold
Health Editor
Peter is a practitioner of naturopathic medicine, applying his craft in the Pacific Northwest. His passion is preventive care and self-healing. His philosophy is healthy habits help people live their lives to the fullest.
This website is owned and operated by Hi-Altitude Brands. Hi-Altitude Brands may receive compensation from companies featured when you purchase through provided links.
How We Found the Best Brain and Memory Supplements
How We Found the Best Brain and Memory Supplements
One of the most popular supplement categories today is focused on brain and memory health. These kinds of supplements are called nootropics, and they seek to improve memory, focus, mental energy, and problem-solving skills.1
The demand for brain supplements comes not only from the 73 million baby boomers living in America but also college students, investment bankers, career-minded individuals to even busy moms all looking to gain an edge.2
The popularity has led to hundreds of brain supplements flooding the marketplace. While these supplements all promise to deliver benefits, the reality is that many fall short. Some of the most popular brands use ineffective or insufficient doses of ingredients, and many contain low-quality fillers.
With so many options, it seems many of us might still be unclear about what to look for in a quality brain and memory supporting supplement. To help cut through the clutter, we have compiled months of research about which are the key ingredients that have been shown in studies to benefit your cognitive health.
This short guide will help you know what to look for and what to avoid so you can make an informed decision when it comes to your nootropic needs. We will also list out the top 5 brain and memory supplements sold today.
Let’s take a moment to understand precisely how nootropics work to improve your cognitive health and why it’s essential to add it to your daily routine.
One of the most popular supplement categories today is focused on brain and memory health. These kinds of supplements are called nootropics, and they seek to improve memory, focus, mental energy, and problem-solving skills.1
The demand for brain supplements comes not only from the 73 million baby boomers living in America but also college students, investment bankers, career-minded individuals to even busy moms all looking to gain an edge.2
The popularity has led to hundreds of brain supplements flooding the marketplace. While these supplements all promise to deliver benefits, the reality is that many fall short. Some of the most popular brands use ineffective or insufficient doses of ingredients, and many contain low-quality fillers.
With so many options, it seems many of us might still be unclear about what to look for in a quality brain and memory supporting supplement. To help cut through the clutter, we have compiled months of research about which are the key ingredients that have been shown in studies to benefit your cognitive health.
This short guide will help you know what to look for and what to avoid so you can make an informed decision when it comes to your nootropic needs. We will also list out the top 5 brain and memory supplements sold today.
Let’s take a moment to understand precisely how nootropics work to improve your cognitive health and why it’s essential to add it to your daily routine.
Top 5 Nootropic Supplements
A Good Nootropic Helps To:
Improve Memory 9
Promote Focus and Alertness 10
Enhance Learning 17
Support Verbal Recall 14
Support Analytical Thinking 17
Boost Mental Energy 9
Enhance Creativity 11
Reduce Stress 11
Fight Cognitive Decline 6
A Good Nootropic Helps To:
Improve Memory 9
Promote Focus and Alertness 10
Enhance Learning 17
Support Verbal Recall 14
Support Analytical Thinking 17
Boost Mental Energy 9
Enhance Creativity 11
Reduce Stress 11
Fight Cognitive Decline 6
Top 4 Criteria For A Quality Brain Supplement
We spent months researching brain and memory supplements and gathering user feedback. There are specific ingredients that, when present in a formula, help differentiate high-quality nootropic supplements from generic ones. Below are the four most essential ingredients to consider before deciding on which nootropic brand is best for your needs.
#1 Choline
Choline is an essential nutrient crucial to producing acetylcholine, which supports memory, learning, concentration, and motor skills.31 Studies published in the Journal of Nutrition and the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition confirm that low choline intake is tied to poorer cognitive performance. On the other hand, supplementing choline into your daily regimen can help improve memory and attention in healthy adults.32-33 Also, taking choline may help reduce the changes in the brain associated with aging and memory loss and support enhanced cognitive function in elderly adults.34
#2 Phosphatidylserine
Phosphatidylserine is a phospholipid nutrient, found in the cerebral cortex, which covers and protects brain cells and helps carry messages between them.12 The normal aging process causes brain cell membranes to become rigid, impairing brain cell communication, which results in memory recall issues.13 Studies show that supplementing with phosphatidylserine can improve memory function, especially delayed recall, in both middle-aged and older adults. It works by helping rejuvenate brain cell membranes and supporting the release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter responsible for memory.14
#3 Bacopa Monnieri
Bacopa monnieri is an herb used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine.15 Numerous clinical studies found that Bacopa monnieri enhances memory retention, improves spatial learning, the ability to take in new information about one’s environment, and reduces stress.16-18 Scientists found that Bacopa monnieri increases the length and branching of nerve cells, also known as dendrites, in the brain, which is linked to learning and memory.19 The main active compounds in Bacopa monnieri are bacosides, which also fight oxidative stress, a cause of disease and cognitive decline, by acting as a free radical scavenger.20
Editor’s Tip: Look for brain supplements that contain BacoMind®️ Bacopa monnieri. This is the only bacopa extract supported by a human safety clinical study.
#4 Huperzine A
Huperzine A, an extract of the Huperzia serrata plant, has been shown in studies to improve memory and learning from young students to seniors.21, 22 Recent research shows that it improves memory and slows cognitive decline by increasing levels of acetylcholine, the compound that functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain.23, 24 It’s also been shown to help prevent neuronal cell death.25 Twenty randomized clinical trials involving 1823 participants indicated that it has a beneficial effect on memory, cognitive function, and quality of life.26
Top 4 Criteria For A Quality Brain Supplement
We spent months researching brain and memory supplements and gathering user feedback. There are specific ingredients that, when present in a formula, help differentiate high-quality nootropic supplements from generic ones. Below are the four most essential ingredients to consider before deciding on which nootropic brand is best for your needs.
#1 Choline
Choline is an essential nutrient crucial to producing acetylcholine, which supports memory, learning, concentration, and motor skills.31 Studies published in the Journal of Nutrition and the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition confirm that low choline intake is tied to poorer cognitive performance. On the other hand, supplementing choline into your daily regimen can help improve memory and attention in healthy adults.32-33 Also, taking choline may help reduce the changes in the brain associated with aging and memory loss and support enhanced cognitive function in elderly adults.34
#2 Phosphatidylserine
Phosphatidylserine is a phospholipid nutrient, found in the cerebral cortex, which covers and protects brain cells and helps carry messages between them.12 The normal aging process causes brain cell membranes to become rigid, impairing brain cell communication, which results in memory recall issues.13 Studies show that supplementing with phosphatidylserine can improve memory function, especially delayed recall, in both middle-aged and older adults. It works by helping rejuvenate brain cell membranes and supporting the release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter responsible for memory.14
#3 Bacopa Monnieri
Bacopa monnieri is an herb used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine.15 Numerous clinical studies found that Bacopa monnieri enhances memory retention, improves spatial learning, the ability to take in new information about one’s environment, and reduces stress.16-18 Scientists found that Bacopa monnieri increases the length and branching of nerve cells, also known as dendrites, in the brain, which is linked to learning and memory.19 The main active compounds in Bacopa monnieri are bacosides, which also fight oxidative stress, a cause of disease and cognitive decline, by acting as a free radical scavenger.20
Editor’s Tip: Look for brain supplements that contain BacoMind®️ Bacopa monnieri. This is the only bacopa extract supported by a human safety clinical study.
#4 Huperzine A
Huperzine A, an extract of the Huperzia serrata plant, has been shown in studies to improve memory and learning from young students to seniors.21, 22 Recent research shows that it improves memory and slows cognitive decline by increasing levels of acetylcholine, the compound that functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain.23, 24 It’s also been shown to help prevent neuronal cell death.25 Twenty randomized clinical trials involving 1823 participants indicated that it has a beneficial effect on memory, cognitive function, and quality of life.26
4 Things To AVOID
When Buying A Nootropic Supplement
1. Formulas Lacking Essential Vitamins
The brain needs a steady supply of neuro-vitamins and nutrients so it can function properly. Avoid any formula which does not include a complex of B vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin E, magnesium, choline, and zinc.27-29
2. Not Backed By A Doctor
Creating an effective nootropic supplement requires a solid understanding of which ingredients to use and in what level of potency. Avoid a brand which is not supported by a credible doctor.
3. Insufficient Return Policy
A reputable nootropic supplement brand will demonstrate they have faith in their product by offering a 100% money-back guarantee policy. Some try to complicate their refund policies by placing limitations on what kind of returns they will take. Avoid any brand that does not have at minimum a no questions asked 90-day money-back guarantee.
4. Depending on Amazon Reviews
Research showed that in March 2019, there were 1.8 million new unverified reviews, with an average of 99.6% of them being 5-star reviews.30 Most of these reviews are from people paid to write them. These fake reviews inflate the number and overall star rating of a product. When deciding on a supplement that can impact your health, don’t rely on Amazon reviews as they can be extremely misleading.
4 Things To AVOID
When Buying A Nootropic Supplement
1. Formulas Lacking Essential Vitamins
The brain needs a steady supply of neuro-vitamins and nutrients so it can function properly. Avoid any formula which does not include a complex of B vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin E, magnesium, choline, and zinc.27-29
2. Not Backed By A Doctor
Creating an effective nootropic supplement requires a solid understanding of which ingredients to use and in what level of potency. Avoid a brand which is not supported by a credible doctor.
3. Insufficient Return Policy
A reputable nootropic supplement brand will demonstrate they have faith in their product by offering a 100% money-back guarantee policy. Some try to complicate their refund policies by placing limitations on what kind of returns they will take. Avoid any brand that does not have at minimum a no questions asked 90-day money-back guarantee.
4. Depending on Amazon Reviews
Research showed that in March 2019, there were 1.8 million new unverified reviews, with an average of 99.6% of them being 5-star reviews.30 Most of these reviews are from people paid to write them. These fake reviews inflate the number and overall star rating of a product. When deciding on a supplement that can impact your health, don’t rely on Amazon reviews as they can be extremely misleading.
2026’s Top Five Brain and Memory Support Supplements
Our review encompassed 89 different nootropic supplements, putting each through our rigorous Top Supplement Pick assessment process. To determine 2026’s Top 5 Nootropic Supplements, we look for predicted effectiveness, supporting studies, safety, pricing, return policy, and overall customer satisfaction.
2026’s Top Five Brain and Memory Support Supplements
Our review encompassed 89 different nootropic supplements, putting each through our rigorous Top Supplement Pick assessment process. To determine 2026’s Top 5 Nootropic Supplements, we look for predicted effectiveness, supporting studies, safety, pricing, return policy, and overall customer satisfaction.
PROS
40 Vitamins and Nutrients
Contains Phosphatidylserine, Bacopa Monnieri, and Huperzine A
Includes the nutrient Choline
Endorsed by a Doctor
Vegetarian Capsules, Non-GMO, Gluten, Lactose, and Antibiotic Free, No artificial ingredients or fillers
Verified 90-day 100% money-back return policy
CONS
Often out of stock due to high demand
Why We Chose It
Stonehenge Health’s Dynamic Brain earned our top recommendation because it delivers a comprehensive formula containing 40 vitamins, minerals, botanical extracts, and brain-supporting nutrients — including four of the most important ingredients we look for in a brain supplement for people over 50: Phosphatidylserine, BacoMind® Bacopa monnieri, Huperzine A, and Choline.
These ingredients work together to help support healthy memory, focus, learning, and cognitive performance while providing nutritional support for the aging brain. Dynamic Brain also includes a complete Vitamin B complex and numerous vitamins and minerals shown in research to play an important role in maintaining healthy cognitive function as adults get older.5
We also appreciate that Dynamic Brain contains no artificial fillers, is non-GMO, and is manufactured to high quality standards. Stonehenge Health backs every purchase with a 90-day money-back guarantee, allowing older adults to consistently use the product long enough to evaluate its benefits. The company is also one of the few brain supplement brands endorsed by a board-certified physician and offers savings through bundle pricing.
*Results are based on user-generated experiences with these products, and individual results may vary. Please refer to the manufacturer’s product website for detailed information.
PROS
40 Vitamins and Nutrients
Contains Phosphatidylserine, Bacopa Monnieri, and Huperzine A
Includes the nutrient Choline
Endorsed by a Doctor
Vegetarian Capsules, Non-GMO, Gluten, Lactose, and Antibiotic Free, No artificial ingredients or fillers
Verified 90-day 100% money-back return policy
CONS
Often out of stock due to high demand
Why We Chose It
Stonehenge Health’s Dynamic Brain earned our top recommendation because it delivers a comprehensive formula containing 40 vitamins, minerals, botanical extracts, and brain-supporting nutrients — including four of the most important ingredients we look for in a brain supplement for people over 50: Phosphatidylserine, BacoMind® Bacopa monnieri, Huperzine A, and Choline.
These ingredients work together to help support healthy memory, focus, learning, and cognitive performance while providing nutritional support for the aging brain. Dynamic Brain also includes a complete Vitamin B complex and numerous vitamins and minerals shown in research to play an important role in maintaining healthy cognitive function as adults get older.5
We also appreciate that Dynamic Brain contains no artificial fillers, is non-GMO, and is manufactured to high quality standards. Stonehenge Health backs every purchase with a 90-day money-back guarantee, allowing older adults to consistently use the product long enough to evaluate its benefits. The company is also one of the few brain supplement brands endorsed by a board-certified physician and offers savings through bundle pricing.
*Results are based on user-generated experiences with these products, and individual results may vary. Please refer to the manufacturer’s product website for detailed information.
#2. Qualia Mind
A-
Overall Grade
OVERALL RATING
8.5/10
Predicted Effectiveness
9.4/10
Ingredient Quality
9.5/10
Value
6.8/10
Return Policy
8.8/10
User Rating
8.2/10
PROS
28 Vitamins and Nutrients
Vegetarian Capsules, Non-GMO, and Vegan
Contains All 4 Essential Ingredients
Endorsed by a Doctor
CONS
Very expensive monthly price
Must take 7 pills per dose
Mixed consumer reviews
Return policy limited to first time purchase only
Why We Chose It
Qualia Mind is a popular brand thanks in part to their heavy web advertising. The product contains a robust array of 28 different vitamins and nutrients, including all three of our top recommended ingredients. However, Qualia has about 30% fewer ingredients than the top-ranked brand on our list, yet it is more than three times the price for a 30-day supply. It may not offer the comprehensive formula many seniors are looking for.
Qualia also enrolls customers in a monthly auto-ship program, which has an introductory price of $69.50 for the first month and $119.00 for each month after that. If you are not a fan of having your card automatically charged each month, then the price for a 30-day supply is a jaw-dropping $139.00. Qualia Mind is endorsed by a physician and is GMO- and gluten-free. However, consumers have provided mixed reviews on how well the product works. The company offers a limited 100-day money-back guarantee, as it only applies to your very first order.
*Results are based on user-generated experiences with these products, and individual results may vary. Please refer to the manufacturer’s product website for detailed information.
#2. Qualia Mind
A-
Overall Grade
OVERALL RATING
8.5/10
Predicted Effectiveness
9.4/10
Ingredient Quality
9.5/10
Value
6.8/10
Return Policy
8.8/10
User Rating
8.2/10
PROS
28 Vitamins and Nutrients
Vegetarian Capsules, Non-GMO, and Vegan
Contains All 4 Essential Ingredients
Endorsed by a Doctor
CONS
Very expensive monthly price
Must take 7 pills per dose
Mixed consumer reviews
Return policy limited to first time purchase only
Why We Chose It
Qualia Mind is a popular brand thanks in part to their heavy web advertising. The product contains a robust array of 28 different vitamins and nutrients, including all three of our top recommended ingredients. However, Qualia has about 30% fewer ingredients than the top-ranked brand on our list, yet it is more than three times the price for a 30-day supply. It may not offer the comprehensive formula many seniors are looking for.
Qualia also enrolls customers in a monthly auto-ship program, which has an introductory price of $69.50 for the first month and $119.00 for each month after that. If you are not a fan of having your card automatically charged each month, then the price for a 30-day supply is a jaw-dropping $139.00. Qualia Mind is endorsed by a physician and is GMO- and gluten-free. However, consumers have provided mixed reviews on how well the product works. The company offers a limited 100-day money-back guarantee, as it only applies to your very first order.
*Results are based on user-generated experiences with these products, and individual results may vary. Please refer to the manufacturer’s product website for detailed information.
#3. Genius Consciousness
B+
Overall Grade
PROS
Contains Phosphatidylserine
Non-GMO, Soy and Gluten-Free
Contains Huperzine A
CONS
Does not contain Bacopa Monnieri
Does not contain essential vitamins and nutrients
Does not come in capsule form
Conflicting return policies
Why We Chose It
Genius Consciousness by The Genius Brand is a popular product that features ten different ingredients, but fewer clinically studied elements that support healthy cognitive aging in seniors. It is missing the essential Bacopa Monnieri. We were disappointed to see a lack of essential vitamins and nutrients, such as a B complex.
A drawback of this product is that it does not come in a convenient capsule but rather a watermelon-flavored powder, which some may find a hassle to mix with water each day. Consumers have also reported mixed reviews on the taste. The return policy for Genius Consciousness is unclear, as their website product page indicates a 30-day return policy, but elsewhere on the site indicates a 90-day return period.
*Results are based on user-generated experiences with these products, and individual results may vary. Please refer to the manufacturer’s product website for detailed information.
#3. Genius Consciousness
B+
Overall Grade
PROS
Contains Phosphatidylserine
Non-GMO, Soy and Gluten-Free
Contains Huperzine A
CONS
Does not contain Bacopa Monnieri
Does not contain essential vitamins and nutrients
Does not come in capsule form
Conflicting return policies
Why We Chose It
Genius Consciousness by The Genius Brand is a popular product that features ten different ingredients, but fewer clinically studied elements that support healthy cognitive aging in seniors. It is missing the essential Bacopa Monnieri. We were disappointed to see a lack of essential vitamins and nutrients, such as a B complex.
A drawback of this product is that it does not come in a convenient capsule but rather a watermelon-flavored powder, which some may find a hassle to mix with water each day. Consumers have also reported mixed reviews on the taste. The return policy for Genius Consciousness is unclear, as their website product page indicates a 30-day return policy, but elsewhere on the site indicates a 90-day return period.
*Results are based on user-generated experiences with these products, and individual results may vary. Please refer to the manufacturer’s product website for detailed information.
#4. Neuriva
C
Overall Grade
OVERALL RATING
7.3/10
Predicted Effectiveness
6.8/10
Ingredient Quality
8.2/10
Value
6.5/10
Return Policy
6.6/10
User Rating
8.2/10
PROS
Contains Phosphatidylserine
Caffeine and GMO-Free
CONS
Does not contain Bacopa Monnieri or Huperzine A
Very expensive for minimal ingredients
User complaints related to headaches, sleep issues, and allergic reactions
Contains allergen Soy Lecithin
Limited 30-day return policy
Why We Chose It
Neuriva by Schiff Vitamins is a relatively new product intended to improve brain performance. Neuriva comes in “Original” and “Plus” formulas, containing Phosphatidylserine and Coffee Fruit Extract, yet both product options are missing several nutrients commonly recommended for adults over 50. The “Plus” formula adds vitamins B6, B12, and B9. However, neither version contains our top-ranking ingredients Bacopa Monnieri and Huperzine A, and the vital nutrient Choline.
Neuriva’s key ingredient, Coffee Fruit Extract (Coffee arabica), has only one study to its credit, suggesting it improves cognitive function. We prefer to see ingredients that have more substantial evidence to support memory and focus claims. We were happy to see that Neuriva is both caffeine- and GMO-free. Users have also reported having sleeping issues when taking this product. Neuriva provides a 30-day refund period, but that is only for unopened bottles, which is not much of a guarantee if you find that you’re unhappy with the results.
*Results are based on user-generated experiences with these products, and individual results may vary. Please refer to the manufacturer’s product website for detailed information.
#4. Neuriva
C
Overall Grade
OVERALL RATING
7.3/10
Predicted Effectiveness
6.8/10
Ingredient Quality
8.2/10
Value
6.5/10
Return Policy
6.6/10
User Rating
8.2/10
PROS
Contains Phosphatidylserine
Caffeine and GMO-Free
CONS
Does not contain Bacopa Monnieri or Huperzine A
Very expensive for minimal ingredients
User complaints related to headaches, sleep issues, and allergic reactions
Contains allergen Soy Lecithin
Limited 30-day return policy
Why We Chose It
Neuriva by Schiff Vitamins is a relatively new product intended to improve brain performance. Neuriva comes in “Original” and “Plus” formulas, containing Phosphatidylserine and Coffee Fruit Extract, yet both product options are missing several nutrients commonly recommended for adults over 50. The “Plus” formula adds vitamins B6, B12, and B9. However, neither version contains our top-ranking ingredients Bacopa Monnieri and Huperzine A, and the vital nutrient Choline.
Neuriva’s key ingredient, Coffee Fruit Extract (Coffee arabica), has only one study to its credit, suggesting it improves cognitive function. We prefer to see ingredients that have more substantial evidence to support memory and focus claims. We were happy to see that Neuriva is both caffeine- and GMO-free. Users have also reported having sleeping issues when taking this product. Neuriva provides a 30-day refund period, but that is only for unopened bottles, which is not much of a guarantee if you find that you’re unhappy with the results.
*Results are based on user-generated experiences with these products, and individual results may vary. Please refer to the manufacturer’s product website for detailed information.
#5. Prevagen
D+
Overall Grade
OVERALL RATING
6.9/10
Predicted Effectiveness
5.6/10
Ingredient Quality
6.7/10
Value
7.4/10
Return Policy
7.2/10
User Rating
7.8/10
PROS
Contains Synthetic Apoaequorin
CONS
Doesn’t contain Phosphatidylserine, Bacopa Monnieri, or Huperzine A
Very Expensive considering the lack of proven ingredients
Does not contain essential vitamins and nutrients
Limited 45-day Return Policy
Significant FTC and FDA Legal Issues related to False Claims
Why We Chose It
Prevagen by Quincy Biosciences is a product made famous thanks to its massive spending on television advertising. In recent years, the brand has also become infamous for its extensive legal issues related to false claims. This formula contains apoaequorin, a protein derived from jellyfish. Through their single clinical study, the manufacturer claims that Prevagen helps improve cognitive function and memory by replacing proteins in the brain that are lost during the aging process.
Unfortunately, it appears that not everyone agrees with this theory. In 2017, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the New York Attorney General sued Quincy Biosciences for making false claims. The primary issue asserted by the FTC is that proteins consumed orally, as in a pill or chewable tablet, go straight to the stomach where they get broken down into amino acids. In the form of amino acids, they can’t travel to the brain and then re-convert into a protein to replace any proteins lost due to aging. The story does not make sense from a science perspective. The FTC also charged Prevagen with making false claims stating the company’s own clinical study in actuality showed no statistically significant improvement in memory and cognitive function between those given Prevagen and those given a placebo.
In a non-related matter, the FDA has opened a case stating that Prevagen did not warn its users that seizures and strokes were some of the many adverse side effects of taking Prevagen.
While some users have reported benefits from taking Prevagen, it doesn’t include the essential vitamins and nutrients that help support healthy brain function as we age. We recommend avoiding the marketing hype and possible side effects. Choose a formula with a variety of vitamins, minerals, and neuro-nutrients such as Phosphatidylserine, Bacopa Monnieri, and Huperzine A, shown in studies over the years to help support memory and cognitive health.
*Results are based on user-generated experiences with these products, and individual results may vary. Please refer to the manufacturer’s product website for detailed information.
#5 Prevagen
D+
Overall Grade
OVERALL RATING
6.9/10
Predicted Effectiveness
5.6/10
Ingredient Quality
6.7/10
Value
7.4/10
Return Policy
7.2/10
User Rating
7.8/10
PROS
Contains Synthetic Apoaequorin
CONS
Doesn’t contain Phosphatidylserine, Bacopa Monnieri, or Huperzine A
Very Expensive considering the lack of proven ingredients
Does not contain essential vitamins and nutrients
Limited 45-day Return Policy
Significant FTC and FDA Legal Issues related to False Claims
Why We Chose It
Prevagen by Quincy Biosciences is a product made famous thanks to its massive spending on television advertising. In recent years, the brand has also become infamous for its extensive legal issues related to false claims. This formula contains apoaequorin, a protein derived from jellyfish. Through their single clinical study, the manufacturer claims that Prevagen helps improve cognitive function and memory by replacing proteins in the brain that are lost during the aging process.
Unfortunately, it appears that not everyone agrees with this theory. In 2017, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the New York Attorney General sued Quincy Biosciences for making false claims. The primary issue asserted by the FTC is that proteins consumed orally, as in a pill or chewable tablet, go straight to the stomach where they get broken down into amino acids. In the form of amino acids, they can’t travel to the brain and then re-convert into a protein to replace any proteins lost due to aging. The story does not make sense from a science perspective. The FTC also charged Prevagen with making false claims stating the company’s own clinical study in actuality showed no statistically significant improvement in memory and cognitive function between those given Prevagen and those given a placebo.
In a non-related matter, the FDA has opened a case stating that Prevagen did not warn its users that seizures and strokes were some of the many adverse side effects of taking Prevagen.
While some users have reported benefits from taking Prevagen, it doesn’t include the essential vitamins and nutrients that help support healthy brain function as we age. We recommend avoiding the marketing hype and possible side effects. Choose a formula with a variety of vitamins, minerals, and neuro-nutrients such as Phosphatidylserine, Bacopa Monnieri, and Huperzine A, shown in studies over the years to help support memory and cognitive health.
*Results are based on user-generated experiences with these products, and individual results may vary. Please refer to the manufacturer’s product website for detailed information.
Citations
Suliman, Noor Azuin, Che Norma Mat Taib, Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas, Mohd Ilham Adenan, Mohamad Taufik Hidayat Baharuldin, and Rusliza Basir. 2016. “Establishing Natural Nootropics: Recent Molecular Enhancement Influenced By Natural Nootropic”. Evidence-Based Complementary And Alternative Medicine 2016: 1-12. Hindawi Limited. doi:10.1155/2016/4391375.
Bureau, U.S. 2020. “By 2030, All Baby Boomers Will Be Age 65 Or Older”. The United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2019/12/by-2030-all-baby-boomers-will-be-age-65-or-older.html.
Kulkarni, Reena, KJ Girish, and Abhimanyu Kumar. 2012. “Nootropic Herbs (Medhya Rasayana) In Ayurveda: An Update”. Pharmacognosy Reviews 6 (12). http://www.phcogrev.com/article/2012/6/12/1041030973-784799949.
Singh-Manoux, A., M. Kivimaki, M. M. Glymour, A. Elbaz, C. Berr, K. P. Ebmeier, J. E. Ferrie, and A. Dugravot. 2012. “Timing Of Onset Of Cognitive Decline: Results From Whitehall II Prospective Cohort Study”. BMJ 344 (jan04 4): d7622-d7622. BMJ. doi:10.1136/bmj.d7622.
Del Parigi, Angelo, Francesco Panza, Cristiano Capurso, and Vincenzo Solfrizzi. 2006. “Nutritional Factors, Cognitive Decline, And Dementia”. Brain Research Bulletin 69 (1): 1-19. Elsevier BV. doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.09.020.
Gómez-Pinilla, Fernando. 2008. “Brain Foods: The Effects Of Nutrients On Brain Function”. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9 (7): 568-578. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1038/nrn2421.
Sandi, Carmen. 2007. “Memory Impairments Associated With Stress And Aging”. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK3914/#ch12.r3.
Panossian, Alexander, and Georg Wikman. 2010. “Effects Of Adaptogens On The Central Nervous System And The Molecular Mechanisms Associated With Their Stress—Protective Activity”. Pharmaceuticals 3 (1): 188-224. MDPI AG. doi:10.3390/ph3010188.
2020. Ujconline.Net. http://ujconline.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/3-UJEAS-1314-Rv.pdf.
McGlade, Erin, Allison Locatelli, Julia Hardy, Toshikazu Kamiya, Masahiko Morita, Koji Morishita, Yoichiro Sugimura, and Deborah Yurgelun-Todd. 2012. “Improved Attentional Performance Following Administration In Healthy Adult Women”. Food And Nutrition Sciences 03 (06): 769-773. Scientific Research Publishing, Inc,. doi:10.4236/fns.2012.36103.
Beaty, Roger E., Yoed N. Kenett, Alexander P. Christensen, Monica D. Rosenberg, Mathias Benedek, Qunlin Chen, and Andreas Fink et al. 2018. “Robust Prediction Of Individual Creative Ability From Brain Functional Connectivity”. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences 115 (5): 1087-1092. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. doi:10.1073/pnas.1713532115.
Glade, Michael J., and Kyl Smith. 2015. “Phosphatidylserine And The Human Brain”. Nutrition 31 (6): 781-786. Elsevier BV. doi:10.1016/j.nut.2014.10.014.
Cenacchi T, et al. 2020. “Cognitive Decline In The Elderly: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Study On Efficacy Of Phosphatidylserine Administration. – Pubmed – NCBI ”. Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Accessed February 7 2020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8323999.
Kato-Kataoka, Akito, Masashi Sakai, Rika Ebina, Chiaki Nonaka, Tsuguyoshi Asano, and Takashi Miyamori. 2010. “Soybean-Derived Phosphatidylserine Improves Memory Function Of The Elderly Japanese Subjects With Memory Complaints”. Journal Of Clinical Biochemistry And Nutrition 47 (3): 246-255. The Society for Free Radical Research Japan. doi:10.3164/jcbn.10-62.
F, Russo. 2020. “Bacopa Monniera, A Reputed Nootropic Plant: An Overview. – Pubmed – NCBI ”. Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Accessed February 7 2020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898709.
Stough C, et al. 2020. “The Chronic Effects Of An Extract Of Bacopa Monniera (Brahmi) On Cognitive Function In Healthy Human Subjects. – Pubmed – NCBI ”. Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Accessed February 7 2020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11498727.
Peth-Nui, Tatimah, Jintanaporn Wattanathorn, Supaporn Muchimapura, Terdthai Tong-Un, Nawanant Piyavhatkul, Poonsri Rangseekajee, Kornkanok Ingkaninan, and Sakchai Vittaya-areekul. 2012. “Effects Of 12-Weekbacopa Monniericonsumption On Attention, Cognitive Processing, Working Memory, And Functions Of Both Cholinergic And Monoaminergic Systems In Healthy Elderly Volunteers”. Evidence-Based Complementary And Alternative Medicine 2012: 1-10. Hindawi Limited. doi:10.1155/2012/606424.
Aguiar, Sebastian, and Thomas Borowski. 2013. “Neuropharmacological Review Of The Nootropic Herb Bacopa Monnieri”. Rejuvenation Research 16 (4): 313-326. Mary Ann Liebert Inc. doi:10.1089/rej.2013.1431.
Vollala, Venkata Ramana, Subramanya Upadhya, and Satheesha Nayak. 2011. “Enhancement Of Basolateral Amygdaloid Neuronal Dendritic Arborization Following Bacopa Monniera Extract Treatment In Adult Rats”. Clinics 66 (4): 663-671. FapUNIFESP (SciELO). doi:10.1590/s1807-59322011000400023.
Vishnupriya, P., and V. Padma. 2017. “A Review On The Antioxidant And Therapeutic Potential Of Bacopa Monnieri”. Reactive Oxygen Species 3 (8): 111‒120-111‒120. https://www.aimsci.com/ros/index.php/ros/article/view/75.
Sun QQ, et al. 2020. “Huperzine-A Capsules Enhance Memory And Learning Performance In 34 Pairs Of Matched Adolescent Students. – Pubmed – NCBI ”. Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10678121.
Thuy Trang Nguyen, Tuong Kha Vo. 2017. “Current Advances In Transdermal Delivery Of Drugs For Alzheimer’s Disease”. Indian Journal Of Pharmacology 49 (2): 145. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5497436/.
Xu, Zhi-Qiang, Xiao-Min Liang, Juan-Wu, Yuan-Feng Zhang, Chun-Xia Zhu, and Xiao-Jiang Jiang. 2011. “Treatment With Huperzine A Improves Cognition In Vascular Dementia Patients”. Cell Biochemistry And Biophysics 62 (1): 55-58. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1007/s12013-011-9258-5.
“Huperzine A, A Novel Promising Acetylcholinesterase… : Neuroreport”. 2020. LWW. https://journals.lww.com/neuroreport/Abstract/1996/12200/Huperzine_A,_a_novel_promising.20.aspx.
Ved HS, et al. 2020. “Huperzine A, A Potential Therapeutic Agent For Dementia, Reduces Neuronal Cell Death Caused By Glutamate. – Pubmed – NCBI ”. Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9141073.
Yang, Guoyan, Yuyi Wang, Jinzhou Tian, and Jian-Ping Liu. 2013. “Huperzine A For Alzheimer’S Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Clinical Trials”. Plos ONE 8 (9): e74916. Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074916.
Yang, Guoyan, Yuyi Wang, Jinzhou Tian, and Jian-Ping Liu. 2013. “Huperzine A For Alzheimer’S Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Clinical Trials”. Plos ONE 8 (9): e74916. Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074916.
Gibson, Gary E., Joseph A. Hirsch, Pasquale Fonzetti, Barry D. Jordan, Rosanna T. Cirio, and Jessica Elder. 2016. “Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) And Dementia”. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences 1367 (1): 21-30. Wiley. doi:10.1111/nyas.13031.
Harrison, Fiona, Gene Bowman, and Maria Polidori. 2014. “Ascorbic Acid And The Brain: Rationale For The Use Against Cognitive Decline”. Nutrients 6 (4): 1752-1781. MDPI AG. doi:10.3390/nu6041752.
Amazon Flooded With Millions Of Fake Reviews In 2019 – Reviewmeta Blog ”. 2019. Reviewmeta.Com. https://reviewmeta.com/blog/amazon-flooded-with-millions-of-fake-reviews-in-2019/.
Zeisel, S. H. (2006). Choline: critical role during fetal development and dietary requirements in adults. Annual Review of Nutrition, 26, 229-250.Choline: critical role during fetal development and dietary requirements in adults – PubMed (nih.gov)
Poly, C., Massaro, J. M., Seshadri, S., Wolf, P. A., Cho, E., Krall, E., … & Au, R. (2011). The relation of dietary choline to cognitive performance and white-matter hyperintensity in the Framingham Offspring Cohort. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 94(6), 1584-1591. The relation of dietary choline to cognitive performance and white-matter hyperintensity in the Framingham Offspring Cohort – ScienceDirect
Wurtman, R. J., & Blusztajn, J. K. (2017). Choline phospholipids: normal brain development and aging. Nutrition reviews, 75(10), 463-474. Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Neuroprotective Actions of Dietary Choline (mdpi.com)
Leermakers ET, Moreira EM, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Darweesh SK, Visser T, Voortman T, Bautista PK, Chowdhury R, Gorman D, Bramer WM, Felix JF, Franco OH. Effects of choline on health across the life course: a systematic review. Nutr Rev. 2015 Aug;73(8):500-22. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv010. Epub 2015 Jun 24. PMID: 26108618.Effects of choline on health across the life course: a systematic review | Nutrition Reviews | Oxford Academic (oup.com)
Citations
Suliman, Noor Azuin, Che Norma Mat Taib, Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas, Mohd Ilham Adenan, Mohamad Taufik Hidayat Baharuldin, and Rusliza Basir. 2016. “Establishing Natural Nootropics: Recent Molecular Enhancement Influenced By Natural Nootropic”. Evidence-Based Complementary And Alternative Medicine 2016: 1-12. Hindawi Limited. doi:10.1155/2016/4391375.
Bureau, U.S. 2020. “By 2030, All Baby Boomers Will Be Age 65 Or Older”. The United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2019/12/by-2030-all-baby-boomers-will-be-age-65-or-older.html.
Kulkarni, Reena, KJ Girish, and Abhimanyu Kumar. 2012. “Nootropic Herbs (Medhya Rasayana) In Ayurveda: An Update”. Pharmacognosy Reviews 6 (12). http://www.phcogrev.com/article/2012/6/12/1041030973-784799949.
Singh-Manoux, A., M. Kivimaki, M. M. Glymour, A. Elbaz, C. Berr, K. P. Ebmeier, J. E. Ferrie, and A. Dugravot. 2012. “Timing Of Onset Of Cognitive Decline: Results From Whitehall II Prospective Cohort Study”. BMJ 344 (jan04 4): d7622-d7622. BMJ. doi:10.1136/bmj.d7622.
Del Parigi, Angelo, Francesco Panza, Cristiano Capurso, and Vincenzo Solfrizzi. 2006. “Nutritional Factors, Cognitive Decline, And Dementia”. Brain Research Bulletin 69 (1): 1-19. Elsevier BV. doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.09.020.
Gómez-Pinilla, Fernando. 2008. “Brain Foods: The Effects Of Nutrients On Brain Function”. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9 (7): 568-578. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1038/nrn2421.
Sandi, Carmen. 2007. “Memory Impairments Associated With Stress And Aging”. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK3914/#ch12.r3.
Panossian, Alexander, and Georg Wikman. 2010. “Effects Of Adaptogens On The Central Nervous System And The Molecular Mechanisms Associated With Their Stress—Protective Activity”. Pharmaceuticals 3 (1): 188-224. MDPI AG. doi:10.3390/ph3010188.
2020. Ujconline.Net. http://ujconline.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/3-UJEAS-1314-Rv.pdf.
McGlade, Erin, Allison Locatelli, Julia Hardy, Toshikazu Kamiya, Masahiko Morita, Koji Morishita, Yoichiro Sugimura, and Deborah Yurgelun-Todd. 2012. “Improved Attentional Performance Following Administration In Healthy Adult Women”. Food And Nutrition Sciences 03 (06): 769-773. Scientific Research Publishing, Inc,. doi:10.4236/fns.2012.36103.
Beaty, Roger E., Yoed N. Kenett, Alexander P. Christensen, Monica D. Rosenberg, Mathias Benedek, Qunlin Chen, and Andreas Fink et al. 2018. “Robust Prediction Of Individual Creative Ability From Brain Functional Connectivity”. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences 115 (5): 1087-1092. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. doi:10.1073/pnas.1713532115.
Glade, Michael J., and Kyl Smith. 2015. “Phosphatidylserine And The Human Brain”. Nutrition 31 (6): 781-786. Elsevier BV. doi:10.1016/j.nut.2014.10.014.
Cenacchi T, et al. 2020. “Cognitive Decline In The Elderly: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Study On Efficacy Of Phosphatidylserine Administration. – Pubmed – NCBI ”. Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Accessed February 7 2020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8323999.
Kato-Kataoka, Akito, Masashi Sakai, Rika Ebina, Chiaki Nonaka, Tsuguyoshi Asano, and Takashi Miyamori. 2010. “Soybean-Derived Phosphatidylserine Improves Memory Function Of The Elderly Japanese Subjects With Memory Complaints”. Journal Of Clinical Biochemistry And Nutrition 47 (3): 246-255. The Society for Free Radical Research Japan. doi:10.3164/jcbn.10-62.
F, Russo. 2020. “Bacopa Monniera, A Reputed Nootropic Plant: An Overview. – Pubmed – NCBI ”. Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Accessed February 7 2020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898709.
Stough C, et al. 2020. “The Chronic Effects Of An Extract Of Bacopa Monniera (Brahmi) On Cognitive Function In Healthy Human Subjects. – Pubmed – NCBI ”. Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Accessed February 7 2020. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11498727.
Peth-Nui, Tatimah, Jintanaporn Wattanathorn, Supaporn Muchimapura, Terdthai Tong-Un, Nawanant Piyavhatkul, Poonsri Rangseekajee, Kornkanok Ingkaninan, and Sakchai Vittaya-areekul. 2012. “Effects Of 12-Weekbacopa Monniericonsumption On Attention, Cognitive Processing, Working Memory, And Functions Of Both Cholinergic And Monoaminergic Systems In Healthy Elderly Volunteers”. Evidence-Based Complementary And Alternative Medicine 2012: 1-10. Hindawi Limited. doi:10.1155/2012/606424.
Aguiar, Sebastian, and Thomas Borowski. 2013. “Neuropharmacological Review Of The Nootropic Herb Bacopa Monnieri”. Rejuvenation Research 16 (4): 313-326. Mary Ann Liebert Inc. doi:10.1089/rej.2013.1431.
Vollala, Venkata Ramana, Subramanya Upadhya, and Satheesha Nayak. 2011. “Enhancement Of Basolateral Amygdaloid Neuronal Dendritic Arborization Following Bacopa Monniera Extract Treatment In Adult Rats”. Clinics 66 (4): 663-671. FapUNIFESP (SciELO). doi:10.1590/s1807-59322011000400023.
Vishnupriya, P., and V. Padma. 2017. “A Review On The Antioxidant And Therapeutic Potential Of Bacopa Monnieri”. Reactive Oxygen Species 3 (8): 111‒120-111‒120. https://www.aimsci.com/ros/index.php/ros/article/view/75.
Sun QQ, et al. 2020. “Huperzine-A Capsules Enhance Memory And Learning Performance In 34 Pairs Of Matched Adolescent Students. – Pubmed – NCBI ”. Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10678121.
Thuy Trang Nguyen, Tuong Kha Vo. 2017. “Current Advances In Transdermal Delivery Of Drugs For Alzheimer’s Disease”. Indian Journal Of Pharmacology 49 (2): 145. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5497436/.
Xu, Zhi-Qiang, Xiao-Min Liang, Juan-Wu, Yuan-Feng Zhang, Chun-Xia Zhu, and Xiao-Jiang Jiang. 2011. “Treatment With Huperzine A Improves Cognition In Vascular Dementia Patients”. Cell Biochemistry And Biophysics 62 (1): 55-58. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1007/s12013-011-9258-5.
“Huperzine A, A Novel Promising Acetylcholinesterase… : Neuroreport”. 2020. LWW. https://journals.lww.com/neuroreport/Abstract/1996/12200/Huperzine_A,_a_novel_promising.20.aspx.
Ved HS, et al. 2020. “Huperzine A, A Potential Therapeutic Agent For Dementia, Reduces Neuronal Cell Death Caused By Glutamate. – Pubmed – NCBI ”. Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9141073.
Yang, Guoyan, Yuyi Wang, Jinzhou Tian, and Jian-Ping Liu. 2013. “Huperzine A For Alzheimer’S Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Clinical Trials”. Plos ONE 8 (9): e74916. Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074916.
Yang, Guoyan, Yuyi Wang, Jinzhou Tian, and Jian-Ping Liu. 2013. “Huperzine A For Alzheimer’S Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Clinical Trials”. Plos ONE 8 (9): e74916. Public Library of Science (PLoS). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074916.
Gibson, Gary E., Joseph A. Hirsch, Pasquale Fonzetti, Barry D. Jordan, Rosanna T. Cirio, and Jessica Elder. 2016. “Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) And Dementia”. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences 1367 (1): 21-30. Wiley. doi:10.1111/nyas.13031.
Harrison, Fiona, Gene Bowman, and Maria Polidori. 2014. “Ascorbic Acid And The Brain: Rationale For The Use Against Cognitive Decline”. Nutrients 6 (4): 1752-1781. MDPI AG. doi:10.3390/nu6041752.
Amazon Flooded With Millions Of Fake Reviews In 2019 – Reviewmeta Blog ”. 2019. Reviewmeta.Com. https://reviewmeta.com/blog/amazon-flooded-with-millions-of-fake-reviews-in-2019/.
Zeisel, S. H. (2006). Choline: critical role during fetal development and dietary requirements in adults. Annual Review of Nutrition, 26, 229-250.Choline: critical role during fetal development and dietary requirements in adults – PubMed (nih.gov)
Poly, C., Massaro, J. M., Seshadri, S., Wolf, P. A., Cho, E., Krall, E., … & Au, R. (2011). The relation of dietary choline to cognitive performance and white-matter hyperintensity in the Framingham Offspring Cohort. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 94(6), 1584-1591. The relation of dietary choline to cognitive performance and white-matter hyperintensity in the Framingham Offspring Cohort – ScienceDirect
Wurtman, R. J., & Blusztajn, J. K. (2017). Choline phospholipids: normal brain development and aging. Nutrition reviews, 75(10), 463-474. Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Neuroprotective Actions of Dietary Choline (mdpi.com)
Leermakers ET, Moreira EM, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Darweesh SK, Visser T, Voortman T, Bautista PK, Chowdhury R, Gorman D, Bramer WM, Felix JF, Franco OH. Effects of choline on health across the life course: a systematic review. Nutr Rev. 2015 Aug;73(8):500-22. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv010. Epub 2015 Jun 24. PMID: 26108618.Effects of choline on health across the life course: a systematic review | Nutrition Reviews | Oxford Academic (oup.com)
© Copyright 2019 - 2026
© Copyright 2019 - 2026